The Anatomy of an Emoji

From a simple idea to a universal icon on your keyboard, discover the meticulous, multi-year journey of how emojis are chosen.

Key Statistics Overview

3,600+
Total Emojis

in the Unicode Standard, each with a unique identity.

~2 yrs
Approval Timeline

The typical duration from proposal submission to final UTC approval.

9
Voting Members

Full members of the Unicode Technical Committee hold the final vote.

The Architects of Digital Expression

The entire process is governed by the Unicode Consortium, a non-profit. The final technical decisions, however, are made by the Unicode Technical Committee (UTC), composed of representatives from the world's largest tech companies.

These nine full members as of May 2024 hold voting power on new emoji proposals. Their implementation of new emojis is crucial for widespread adoption.

The Journey from Idea to Icon

Becoming an emoji is a rigorous, multi-step process designed to ensure every new character is globally relevant, technically sound, and has lasting value.

1. Proposal Submission
Anyone can submit a detailed proposal with evidence of need and potential usage.
2. Initial Review (ESC)
The Emoji Subcommittee reviews for completeness and provides feedback.
3. Committee Deliberation
In-depth evaluation of global appeal, diversity, and inclusion.
5. Vendor Implementation
Tech companies design their unique versions and add them to software updates.
6. Widespread Availability
The new emoji finally appears on user devices across the globe!
4. Final UTC Vote
The voting members give the final approval, adding it to the Unicode Standard.

The Blueprint for Approval

Proposals are judged against strict criteria. Not every idea makes the cut. Here's what the Consortium looks for—and what it rejects.

🌍 Global Appeal

Must be relevant and understandable across multiple cultures, not specific to one region.

💡 Uniqueness

Should offer a new concept not already covered by the existing 3,600+ emojis.

💖 Diversity & Inclusion

A high priority is representing cultures, people, and objects not yet on the keyboard.

🚫 Specific People/Logos

Proposals for specific real people, fictional characters, deities, or brand logos are declined.

🏳️ Flags

Submissions for flags of subdivisions (like states or provinces) are generally not accepted.

🔄 Fads

Concepts must show long-term relevance, not just be based on a temporary trend or meme.

Data-Driven Decisions

To prove long-term relevance, proposers must provide empirical evidence of usage. Recently, the required data sources were updated to favor more stable, historical analysis over fleeting search trends.

NO LONGER VALID

Google & Bing Search

Considered too volatile and susceptible to short-term trends.

NOW REQUIRED

Google Books & Ngram Viewer

Provides a more robust, academic, and historical view of a concept's usage in print.

From Standard to Screen

Unicode standardizes the *concept* (e.g., "Grinning Face") and assigns it a code point. It's up to each tech company to design the final look. This is why emojis look different on Apple, Google, and other platforms.

One Code, Many Faces

Once the Unicode Technical Committee approves an emoji, it can take 6-12 months or more for vendors to design, implement, and release it in a software update. This involves creating fonts, updating keyboard palettes, and modifying system libraries.

UTC Approval

A new emoji concept is officially added to the Unicode Standard.

Vendor Design Phase

Apple, Google, Microsoft, and others design their platform-specific art style.

Software Rollout

The emoji becomes available to users via major OS and app updates.

Unicode standardizes the central concept, but vendors provide the diverse visual interpretations we see and use daily.